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Understanding the Legal and Ethical Challenges AI Poses in Oncology

Govind Persad, JD, PhD, writes about the complex legal and ethical challenges behind the scenes of integrating AI into cancer care, and raises questions of liability for medical errors generated by AI.

January 22, 2026 By Govind Persad, JD, PhD 8 min read
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5 Key Takeaways

  • 1

    AI technology is transforming oncology through advancements in medical imaging, treatment planning, and patient counseling.

  • 2

    Legal liability for AI-related medical errors in oncology remains uncertain, as AI tools do not fit traditional standards of physician accountability.

  • 3

    Different jurisdictions are exploring various liability frameworks for AI in healthcare, including potential recognition of AI as legal persons.

  • 4

    AI chatbots have shown promise in patient counseling, providing similar educational benefits as human counselors but raise ethical concerns.

  • 5

    The integration of AI in oncology necessitates workforce training to enhance skills and prevent deskilling of healthcare professionals.

ASCO AI in Oncology is published by Conexiant under a license arrangement with the American Society of Clinical Oncology, Inc. (ASCO®). The ideas and opinions expressed in ASCO AI in Oncology do not necessarily reflect those of Conexiant or ASCO. For more information, see Policies.

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