Insights Commentary Diagnostics & Imaging Decision-Making Support Patient Communication

Understanding the Legal and Ethical Challenges AI Poses in Oncology

Govind Persad, JD, PhD, writes about the complex legal and ethical challenges behind the scenes of integrating AI into cancer care, and raises questions of liability for medical errors generated by AI.

January 22, 2026 By Govind Persad, JD, PhD 8 min read
Share
Objective:

To explore the legal and ethical challenges associated with the integration of AI technologies in oncology.

Key Findings:
  • AI tools enhance cancer diagnosis and treatment but raise legal liability questions.
  • Legal standards for AI-related errors are unclear, with varying approaches across jurisdictions.
  • AI chatbots can effectively provide patient education but may not be ready for full patient-facing roles.
  • Data security and informed consent are critical ethical concerns in AI counseling.
Interpretation:

The integration of AI in oncology presents significant opportunities for improving patient care but also necessitates careful consideration of legal and ethical implications.

Limitations:
  • The evolving nature of AI technology complicates liability assessments.
  • Variability in jurisdictional approaches may lead to inconsistent legal standards.
Conclusion:

While AI holds promise for enhancing oncology practices, it is essential to address the associated legal and ethical challenges to ensure safe and effective patient care.

ASCO AI in Oncology is published by Conexiant under a license arrangement with the American Society of Clinical Oncology, Inc. (ASCO®). The ideas and opinions expressed in ASCO AI in Oncology do not necessarily reflect those of Conexiant or ASCO. For more information, see Policies.

KOL Commentary
Watch

Related Content